The bar-shaft welding robot workstation consists of two parts: a spot welding station and a full welding station. The spot welding station is equipped with a handling robot system, an arc welding robot system, a gun cleaning and wire cutting system, a tail adjustment positioner and a component positioning device; the full welding station is equipped with two arc welding robot systems, a tail adjustment positioner, two gun cleaning systems, etc. Because the workpiece contains a variety of specifications in the length direction and the overall size is relatively long, the arc welding robots have external walking devices. The workstation is suitable for the assembly and welding of heavy-duty workpieces such as shafts and pipe fittings.